In the Griffin-Ford model, where are zones of disamenity typically located?

• A. Near the periphery
• B. In the CBD
• C. Along the spine
• D. Within elite neighborhoods

Answer: (C)

The Griffin-Ford model shows a central business district with a long commercial corridor called the spine, where amenities and employment are concentrated and along which the wealthy housing cluster. Zones of disamenity arise as poorer communities form along the edge of that corridor, adjacent to the spine, where land is cheaper and infrastructure is less developed. This placement reflects how unequal access to resources and opportunities shapes urban form: the spine brings opportunity, while nearby marginal areas experience poorer living conditions, creating disamenity zones along that corridor rather than strictly inside the CBD, deep in elite neighborhoods, or only at the city’s far edge.