How does Central Place Theory use hexagonal market areas, and why are hexagons used in the model?

• A. To create irregular, uneven market areas that tessellate poorly.
• B. To create regular, evenly spaced market areas; hexagons approximate circular market areas while tessellating.
• C. To reflect actual city blocks shaped as hexagons.
• D. To align market areas with political boundaries.

Answer: (B)

Central Place Theory uses a regular, evenly spaced layout of market areas around central places to model how services are distributed and how far people travel for goods. Hexagons are used because they tile the plane without gaps or overlaps while still providing a shape that closely matches circular catchment areas. This means each central place has a roughly equal travel distance for everyone inside its hexagonal market area, helping to avoid uneven edges where some residents would be closer to a neighboring center. In contrast, circles don’t tessellate, and squares or triangles create gaps or uneven distances. So hexagons give a practical balance: regular, uniform market areas that approximate distance-based service areas. In reality, market areas aren’t perfect hexagons—the model uses this abstraction to simplify and analyze patterns of hinterlands.